Die-hammering machine



(No Model.) 5 sheets sheet 1.

U. H- MORGAN.

DIE HAMMERING MAOHINEQ No. 566,086. Patented Aug. 18, 1896.

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(1&0 Model.) 5Sheets-Sheet 3.

C. H. MORGAN.

DIE HAMMBRlENG MACHINE. V BIO/566,086. Patented Aug. 18, 1896;

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Patented Aug. 18, 1896.

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I 1 6 mm 1 mllmm UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES H. MORGAN, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

DIE-HAMMERING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 566,086, dated August 18, 1896.

Application filed August 4, 1892. Serial No. 4=42,207. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. MORGAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Worcester, in the'county of Worcester and State of'Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Machines for Hammering'Dies, of which the following is a specification, accompanied by drawings forming a part of the same, and in which Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a top view with the belt-tightener removed. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view on line 4 4:, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a sectionalview of the swinging-arm carrying the reciprocating hammer, with a portionof the hammer shown in section to disclose the interior chamber containing the hammer-actuating spring. Fig. 5 is a front view of the machine, showing a modification of the mechanism by which the force of the blow imparted by the hammer is mechanically regulated. Fig. 6 is a top View of a chuck adapted to hold a die having two or more holes. Fig. 7 is a sectional View of the same on line 7 7, Fig. 6. Figs. 8, 9, 10, and 11 represent top views of a cylindrical die, showing different paths assumed by the hammer in passing over the surface of the die; and Fig. 12 is a top view of the mechanism for varying the tension of the hammeractuatin g spring.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts in the different figures.

My invention relates to the art of wire-drawin g, in which the chief skill required is in the 7 making and repairing of the draw-plates or dies; and the invention consists in an improved apparatus for hammering wire-drawin g dies by machinery for the purpose of accurately and uniformly reducing the diameter of the holes in the dies through which wire is drawn in order to compensate for the wear of the die and fit it for continued service It also consists in suitable mechanism by which my improved method is carried into effect. The wire-dies by use become unfitted for the purpose of wire-drawing owing to the wear or enlargement of the holes, which gradually increases the size of the wire drawn through them.

It has been the custom heretofore to repair the dies worn by use by hand-hammering the dies to reduce the diameter of the hole, after which the hole is punched or reamed round and of the desired size, and itis obvious that as the force, direction, and location of the blow of the hammer are undetermined except by the judgment and uncertain skill of the operator great irregularity is certain to occur in the amount of upsetting to which the metal is subjected in the diiferent portions around the hole, causing it to be more dense in some parts than in others, and also causing the hole through the die to become elongated or irregular, making it diflicult to restore the hole to a true and circular form in a cross-section and causing the hole to quickly lose its accuracy or true circular shape and causing the drawn wire to become correspon dingly irregular both in shape and size.

My improved apparatus comprises mechanplaced wholly within the control of the de-' signer of the die-hammering machine and independent of the manual skill of the operator.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, 1 denotes the base, upon which is mounted a stand 2, forming a portion of the supportingframework. Journaled in the upper portion of the stand 2 is a shaft carrying upon one end a cam 3 and upon the opposite end a beltpulley 4, by which power is imparted to the shaft, and also a pulley 5, having a belt connection with a pulley 6 upon a shaft 7, journaled in the base 1. Pivoted at the side of the stand 2 and turning about a Vertical axis is a swinging arm 8, in the free end of which is placed a sliding bar 9, forming the hammer, the lower end being conical with a rounded apex forming a cone-peen 10.

The upper end of the hammer 9 is provided with a flanged head 11, arranged to be struck by the tappets 12 12 upon the cam 3, causing the hammer to be lifted by the rotation of the cam.

The upper portion of the hammer 9 is hollow and contains a spiral spring 13, and held in a screw-threaded arm in alinement with the hammer is an adjusting-screw 14, which is screwed down until it enters the end of the hammer and bears against the spiral spring 13, so that when the hammer is raised by the action of the tappets 12 12 it will be lifted against the tension of the spiral spring,which will impart a quick downward blow to the hammer when released by the tappets. Interposed between the arm 8 and flanged head 11 are leather washers 16 16 to receive the force of the blow. Upon the lower shaft 7 is placed a worm 17, engaging the worm-gear 18, attached to an anvil 19, journaled in the base 1, with its axis preferably placed at an angle with the axis of the hammer 9 and having its upper end slotted at 19 and provided with a tapering screw-threaded section 21 to receive a nut 20, by which the slotted end of the anvil is compressed against a die 22, held in a concentric recess in the end of the anvil and resting upon the shoulder 22. The upper end of the anvil forms a chuck by which the cylindrical die is held concentrically and slowly rotated while its face is subjected to the blows of the reciprocating hammer 9, which are preferably delivered at an oblique angle with the face of the die.

Attached to and rotating with the anvil 19 is a pinion 23, engaging the gear 24 upon a vertical shaft 25, journaled in the stand 26 and carrying upon its upper end a cam 27, acting upon a slide 28, which presses against the head of a screw 29, adjustably held in the arm 8. Upon the side of the arm 8 is pivoted a rod 30, which passes through and is capable of sliding in an eyebolt 31, which is pivoted in the arm 32, forming a swiveled connection between the rod and arm 32. Nuts 34 34 are placed upon the end of the rod 30, and a spiral spring is interposed between the side of the arm 8 and the eyebolt 31, with its tension applied to press the arm away from the eyebolt and hold the head of the screw 29 against the end of the slide 28. By the rotation of the cam 27 the arm 8 is moved upon its pintle, pushing the rod 30 through the eyebolt 31 and carrying the ham-' mer toward the center of the die.

In operating the machine the die is held in position in the chuck 19, with the point 10 of the hammer 9 placed as near the outer edge of the die as desired by means of the adjustment of the screw 29in the arm 8, and as the operation of hammering proceeds the point 10 is gradually carried toward the center of the die by the action of the cam 27, the rotation of the die causing the path of the ham mer to assume a spiral path around the hole in the die, the force of the blow exerted by the hammer being adjusted by raising or lowering the screw-threaded plunger 14, and Varying the tension of the spring 13. The arm 32 is pivoted upon a stud 33, held in the post 33*, and when it is desired to remove the hammer from contact with the work the arm 32 is swung around upon its pivoted stud, the

eyebolt 31 pressing against the nuts 34 and drawing the arm 8 toward the left, Fig. 1, allowing the die to be removed from the anvil.

Pivoted upon the hub 36, projecting from the stand 2, is a bell-crank lever 37, one arm of which carries a tightening-pulley 38, and to the opposite arm is pivoted a pull-rod 39, which, if desired, may be connected in the usual manner with a foot-treadle, allowing the driving-belt upon the pulley 4 to be tightened at will and power imparted to the operating mechanism.

In Fig. 5 I have shown, in addition to the mechanism already described, means by which the plunger l4 can be lowered automatically and at the same time admit of a vertical adjustment by the operator. The post 26 is extended upward at 40, supporting a journal-bearing at 41, inclosing the shaft 25, whichvis extended and carries upon its upper end a cam 42, acting against the short arm 43 of a bell-crank pivoted at 44 upon the stand 40. The long arm 45 carries at its free end a nut 46, inclosing the screw-threaded section 47 of the plunger 14, the lower part of which is plain and has a sliding motion in the arm 15. The plunger 14 is carried down ward through the nut 46 by means of a handwheel 48 until its lower end is brought against the spring 13, contained in the reciprocating hammer 9, and during the operation of the machine the cam 42, acting against the arm 43, is made to depress the plunger 14 or permit it to be raised by the action of the spring 13, thereby increasing or decreasing the tension of the spring 13 and varying the force imparted to the hammer.

By properly shaping the cam 42 and arranging the same relatively to the cam 27 the force of the blow delivered upon the face of the die can be Varied to correspond with its location. For example, the force of the blow can be gradually diminished as the hammer approaches the center of the die, or vice versa.

By rotating the plunger 14*? by means of the hand-wheel 48 its vertical position in the nut 46 can be varied independently of the action of the cam 42, permitting the entire tension to be removed from the spring 13 at will.

In Figs. 6 and 7 I have shown a form of chuck adapted to hold a die having more than one hole and by which each of the holes can be centered with reference to the action of the hammer and held in position during the operation of hammering. The device consists of a rotating anvil-block 49, having a channel 50 upon its upper surface to receive a die 51 and in which it is held by the clamps 52 and bolts 53. Concentric with the rotating anvil-block 49 is a spindle 54, capable of a longitudinal sliding motion and forced upward by the action of a spring 55, acting against the shoulder 56. The upper end of the spindle 54 is conical at 57 and adapted to fit the tapering hole in the die and to center the same concentrically with the rotating anvil 49, causing the blows of the hammer 9 to IIO move around the centered hole in the 'die in a path determined by the shape of the cam 27. Each of the holes 58 in the die 51 can thus be centered, the die being capable of sufficient lateral movement to allow each of the holes to be brought concentric with the rotating anvil.

I am aware that a machine for hammering draw-plates was shown and described in Letters Patent of the United States No. 225,238, and issued March 9, 1880, said patent showing a rotating die-holder andvibratory hammer capable of being moved radially to the axis of the revolving die-holder, and I do not claim a machine embodying these features, broadly. A die-hammerin g machine forming the subject of my present invention is provided with means for automatically moving the hammer radially to the axis of the die,

and this movement is mechanically predetermined independently of the judgment of the operator and is coordinated with the rotation of the die itself, so the radial movement of the hammer over the face of the die has a predetermined correspondence with the rotary movement of the die, and it further provides means for automatically controlling the force of the blow during the continued operation of the machine, making the machine an organized mechanism in which the several parts automatically perform their functions independently of the judgment of the attendant.

It will be obvious that various changes can be made in the construction of the operating mechanism as shown and described and still embody the essential features by which I secure advantages over theprocess of handhammering as commonly practiced or from the process of machine-hammering as performed by the mechanism shown and described in the Letters Patent above referred to. For example, any of the known means for propelling a reciprocating hammer other than a spiral spring can be employed to drive the hammer, or other known means can be employed for accomplishing the several mechanical operations described.

My improved apparatus comprises 1nechanism for carrying the die upon an anvil and subjecting the same to the action of a hammer automatically controlled with reference to the force, location, and direction of its blow without reference to the specific mechanical devices by which the same is accomplished.

The anvil is represented as provided with devices whereby the die is held with its hole concentric with its axis of rotation, constituting the anvil a die-holder, by which name it will be designated in the annexed claims.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The combination with a supporting framework, of a rotating die-holder journaled in said framework and provided with means for holding a die with its hole concentric with its axis of rotation, an arm pivoted upon said framework, means connected with said arm by which it is swung over the face of the die held in said die-holder, a reciprocating hammer carried by the free end of said arm and means for actuating said hammer to deliver a blow upon the face of a die held in said dieholder, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a rotating die-holder provided with means for holding a die with its hole concentric with its axis of rotation, a hammer arranged to deliver a blow upon the face of a die held in said die-holder and means for automatically varying the position of said hammer radially to the axis of said die-holder, said means for varying the position of the hammer being operatively connected with said rotating die-holder, whereby said radial movement of the hammer is made to coordinate with the rotation of said die-holder, substantially as described.

3. The combination of a rotating die-holder provided with means for holding a die with its hole concentric with the axis of said dieholder, a reciprocating hammer adapted to deliver a blow upon the face of a die held by said die-holder, means connected with said hammer for moving it radially over the face of the die and means for automatically varying the force of the blow delivered by said hammer relatively to its radial distance from the axis of the rotating die-holder, substantially as described.

4. The combination of a rotating die-holder, arranged to hold a die with its hole concentric with its axis of rotation, a pivoted arm arranged to swing over said die-holder, a reciprocating hammer carried by said arm, an adj listing-screw 29 held in said arm and a cam acting against said screw to move said arm and carry the reciprocating hammer over the face of the die, substantially as described.

5. The combination with a reciprocating hammer, of a spring applied to force said hammer against the die, an adjustable plunger let applied to increase the tension of said spring, a cam actuating said plunger through intermediate connecting mechanism, whereby the tension of said spring is automatically controlled, substantially as described.

6. The combination of a rotating die-holder, arranged to carry a die, a pivoted arm arranged to swing over said die-holder, a reciprocating hammer carried in said arm, a cam applied to move said arm and carry the hammer over the face of the die in one direction and a spring by which the motion of said arm is reversed, substantially as described.

7. The combination with a rotating dieholder, arranged to carry a die, of a pivoted arm arranged to swing over said die-holder, a reciprocating hammer carried by said pivoted arm, a rod 30 pivoted on said arm and sliding through an eyebolt 31, eyebolt 31 pivoted in a swinging arm 32, swinging arm 32 forming a lever-handle by which the reciproeating hammer is carried out of contact with the work, substantially as described.

8. The combination of shafts 3 and 7 operatively connected, cam 12 carried on shaft 3, a reciprocating hammer lifted by said cam, spring 13 actuating said hammer, a rotating die-holder operatively connected with shaft '7, said die-ho1der being arranged to carry a die, with its hole concentric with its axis of rotation, substantially as described.-

9. The combination of a rotating die-holder arranged to hold a die with its hole concentric with its axis of rotation, a pivoted arm arranged to swing over said die-holder, a recip rocating hammer carried by said pivoted arm and a rotating cam acting to move said pivoted arm and carry the reciprocating hammer over the face of a die held in said die-holder, substantially as described.

10. lhe combination of a swinging arm 8, a reciprocating hammer carried by said arm and having connected actuating mechanism, a rotating die-holder, shaft 25 operatively operatively connected with said plunger, sub- 3 5 stantially as described.

Dated this 8th day of July, 1892.

CHAS. H. MORGAN.

W'itnesses:

RUFUS B. FOWLER, H. W. FOWLER. 

